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Wikipedia: The Ptolemaic Kingdom in and around Egypt began following Alexander the Great's conquest in 332 BC and ended with the death of Cleopatra VII and the Roman conquest in 30 BC. It was founded when Ptolemy I Soter declared himself Pharaoh of Egypt, creating a powerful Hellenistic state stretching from southern Syria to Cyrene and south to Nubia. Alexandria became the capital city and a center of Greek culture and trade.
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![Corinthian pillar of the Ptolemaic period, Egypt. [Corinthian pillar of the Ptolemaic period, Egypt.]](http://images.ookaboo.com/photo/s/PtolemaicCorinthianPilar_s.jpg)
![A detail of the Nile mosaic of Palestrina. [A detail of the Nile mosaic of Palestrina.]](http://images.ookaboo.com/photo/s/NileMosaicOfPalestrina_s.jpg)