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Wikipedia: The Muslim conquest of Syria occurred in the first half of the 7th century, and refers to the region known as the Bilad al-Sham, the Levant, or Greater Syria. Arab Muslim forces had appeared on the southern borders even before the death of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad in 632, resulting in the Battle of Mu'tah in 629, but the real invasion began in 634 under his successors, the Rashidun Caliphs Abu Bakr and Umar ibn Khattab, with Khalid ibn al-Walid as their most important military leader. Syria had been under Roman rule for seven centuries prior to the Arab Muslim conquest and had been invaded by the Sassanid Persians on a number of occasions during the 3rd, 6th and 7th centuries; it had also been subject to raids by the Sassanid's Arab allies the Lakhmids.
![[Byzantine temple in Idlib, Syria.]](http://images.ookaboo.com/photo/s/Byzantine_temple_in_Idlib_28Ruweiha_29_Syria_s.jpg "Byzantine temple in Idlib, Syria.")
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![[Ruins of Ancient Petra, one of the first cities to fall to invading Muslim armies]](http://images.ookaboo.com/photo/s/Petra_Treasury_s.jpg "Ruins of Ancient Petra, one of the first cities to fall to invading Muslim armies")
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 from James Gordon |
 from Cybjorg |
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